Alice Bunin Biography

But, I repent, I have more to my heart “Dark Alleys”. This book is always there - at the distance of an outstretched arm. I will not say that the most beloved, but one of the necessary, of those without which a full -fledged life is impossible. Although ... what does "beloved" mean? Can an intelligent person have any one favorite book? But what about the Bible? And the primer?

And sorry, Lord "over the abyss in rye"? And another couple of hundreds of items? No, Bunin is not the most - but one of the most. The basis, the foundation, perhaps even a standard ... However, everyone has their own Bunin. One more likes that the other is. But - like it. This great prose does not tolerate indifference. It remains in memory, excites, calls. You open the book for an unknown time.

And everything is repeated. To infinity. As if there are some unknown magnet in Bunin’s stories and novels, which attracts and does not let go ... and yet-Ivan Alekseevich wrote his stories for a long time and, probably, even painfully. Redeled, polished, brought to perfection. Where does such thoughts come from? Made very accurately - not a single brush. Like in one breath.

As if by the mood - ten minutes, and the story is ready. And if so, then without multi -month work it was definitely not. These are not stories at all - small novels. At first, the origins of the word Bunin himself: “I am originating from the old noble family, about the beginning of which in the“ Herbinnik of the Nobility of the Nobility ”it is said:“ The Bunin clan comes from Simeon Bunkovsky, a noble husband who left Lithuania with his squad to the military service to the Grand Duke of Moscow Vasily Vasilyevich.

” Our family gave Russia a lot of prominent figures in the field of the state, governor, stolnikov and “other ranks”, and Anna Bunina, which Karamzin called the Russian Safo, and Vasily Zhukovsky, the illegitimate son of the Tula landowner Afanasy Ivanovich Bunin and the captured Turkish woman, who became, by virtue of this, Zhukovsky by the name of his godmother, are known in the literary.

The most famous as the founder of that new Russian literature, the first genius of which was Pushkin, who called him his teacher. By my mother, I belong to the noble family of the Chubarovs, also a very old one, who had lost, according to our family traditions, the princely title under Peter the Great, who executed the Streletsky Colonel Prince Chubarov, who was on the side of the princess of Sofia.

All my ancestors were associated with the people and land, the landowners were my grandfathers and my fathers on their mother and father, who owned estates in Central Russia, in that fertile pitch, where the Moscow tsars, in order to protect the state from the raids of the southern Tatars, created barriers from settlers of various Russian regions, and where, thanks to this, the rich Russian language formed and from almost all the greatest the greatest came from Russian writers, led by Tolstoy ...

". The Bunin family this quote from the “autobiographical notes” of Bunin gives an idea of ​​the pedigree of the future Nobel laureate. He was born on October 10 according to the old style of the year in Voronezh in a rapidly poor noble family, steadily continuing a sad path to complete ruin. Three years before the birth of Vani, the Bunin family moved from the family estate of her father Alexei Nikolayevich Ozerki of the Oryol province.

This move to the city was necessary so that the eldest sons of the Bunin Julius and Eugene could study at the gymnasium. They lived poorly - there was practically nothing left of the former well -being. Alexey Nikolaevich Bunin lived the remnants of the parental inheritance, and his wife Lyudmila Alexandrovna was engaged in children. Vanya will pass for four years from the birth of Vanya, and the family will move closer to the grandmother to the Butyrki farm, which is 3 kilometers from the lake.

But while the Bunin family tried to establish business in Voronezh. And things went worse than nowhere - this can be seen around the house on the noble street of Voronezh, in which the Bunins settled. Alexey Nikolaevich made desperate attempts to save money, but constantly burned out. He did not have a commercial vein at all. This dubious capacity also passed to Ivan Alekseevich, who in finance did not understand at all, like his father.

The older brothers and the family was rather big - four children. Julius was the first to be born - he was born in the year. A very talented boy, he studied perfectly at the gymnasium, graduated from a gold medal and entered the Physics and Mathematics Department of Moscow University. He had a brilliant future of a mathematics scientist, but ...

in the year, Julia was expelled from the university for revolutionary activities. I had to work out at Kharkov University. In the year, when the family lived in Ozerki, on the denunciation of the landowner of the logofet, a neighbor of the Bunin, Julius was arrested and convicted for a year of imprisonment, after which he was sent to exile to the parental estate. Julius was very close to Ivan Alekseevich.

After Vanya was expelled from the gymnasium, Julius Alekseevich became for him both a teacher and almost his father, giving the future Nobel laureate a magnificent full education - having read him not only a gymnasium, but also a university course of sciences. Julius died in the year.And his death was a terrible blow for Ivan Alekseevich ... The second brother of Eugene was Julia’s weather - he was born in the year.

Natives of one family who received one upbringing, the older brothers of the Bunins were completely different people. Eugene threw his studies at the gymnasium and did not deal with his education anymore. All that he was interested in were pigeons. For twenty years, he was carried away by drawing. But possessing the undoubted abilities of the portraitist artist, he did not. Eugene died in the year.

Vanya and Masha in the year in the Bunin family was born Vanya, and three years later the last child was born - girl Masha. True, they had five more children, three of whom died in infancy, and two, son Kolya and daughter Sasha, did not live long and died very young ... Masha and Vanya, like younger children, enjoyed universal attention and care. Having become an adult, Maria Alekseevna married and changed her last name, becoming Maria Laskarzhevskaya.

She lived up to a year. Thus, Ivan Alekseevich experienced both brothers and sister. And then, in the seventies of the XIX century, for him everything was quite successful. He was brought up at home - Vanya was given to the gymnasium only 11 years by family. I did not know any difficulties and deprivations-no matter how hard the family lived, but the children did not need anything.

And the occurreed cooling of relations between parents and the case was in approaching poverty, this test was withstanded by a rare family. Mom taught Vanya to read and write, who said that the youngest son was different from the others from birth, that he was special and that "no one has the same soul as he." Vanya was a favorite and did not know anything about refusal.

True, he did not ask for anything special for his parents. The family was completely simple, despite the origin. Simple orders, simple housing, simple food. Bunin said that his childhood was connected "with the field and with peasant huts." And this is true, because in the year, when Vanya was not even four years old, the family moved to the village again.

Botyrki farm causes were purely economic. In the spring of the year, Julius graduated from a gymnasium and was going to enter Moscow University. His training needed money. Eugene, on the contrary, learning at the gymnasium left him for only a year and said that he did not want to study. And the family was already interrupted from bread to water. Therefore, Alexei Nikolaevich decided to sell the house in Voronezh and for this money to buy a Butyrki farm nearby with birth lakes, believing that the family will certainly get out of the pit with two farms and get to their feet ...

how many of them were all over Russia - former landowners who had ruined after the abolition of serfdom. Hundreds and hundreds. Inappropriate for agriculture, brought up in well-being and abundance, these people slowly faded away, left their farms, moved to the cities to get to the service or to some private office. Noble origin, once fabulously rich, except for historical roots they had nothing.

As life showed, they did not have the future either. The Russian revolution dared these people, destroyed or at best pushed abroad. But Alexey Nikolaevich did not give up. He made grandiose plans, hoping that, together with the village men, a good harvest would grow. He will sell wheat and with this money will learn children and establish the life of the family. In that memorable summer of the year, both the eldest sons and Alexei Nikolaevich himself worked in the field.

In agronomy, he did not understand anything at all. The village of him frankly made fun of him. Village childhood but that adults are concern - entertainment for children. Several years passed, nevertheless, in M ​​Vanya was still too small to realize himself and remember something, and the youngest son of the Bunins completely got used to the village life. In winter, Vanya listened to the fairy tales that his mother and yard told him.

From early spring to late autumn, Little Ivan, practically, moved to some farm house, running home only at night or two, then to disappear again for several days. Vanya had a lot of friends - both in Butyrki and in neighboring villages. He was not treated as Barkchuk. Rather, as a city boy who moved to the village. Butyrki were wealthy, well -fed.