Detailed biography Gogol

St. Petersburg 2nd Krasnoarmeyskaya St. Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol his character is surrounded by a halo of secrets and mysticism. He noted: “I am revered by the mystery for everyone, but no matter how unsolved the life and creative path of the writer seem to be, only one thing is undeniable - an invaluable contribution to the development of Russian literature. Childhood is a future writer, whose greatness is not subject to time, was born on April 1 in the Poltava region, in the family of the landowner Vasily Afanasyevich Gogol-Yanovsky.

His ancestors were hereditary priests, belonged to the old Cossack family. Grandfather Afanasy Yanovsky, who mastered five languages, himself achieved the talent of him a tribal noble state. The father served under the post office, was engaged in playwright, was familiar with the poets Kotlyarevsky, Gnedich, Kapnist, was the secretary and director of the ex-senator Dmitry Troshchinsky, his characteristic, descendant of Ivan Mazepa and Pavel Polobotko.

Together with her husband, she participated in performances in the house of her uncle-senator, she was known as a beauty and talented person. The future writer became the third child of the twelve children of a married couple and the oldest of the six survivors.

He received a name in honor of the miraculous icon of St. Nicholas, which was available in the church of the village of Dikanka, located fifty kilometers from their place. Maria Ivanovna - the mother of Nikolai Gogol, a number of biographers noted that: - the interest in the art of the future classic to a large extent determined the activities of the head of the family; - The religiosity, creative imagination and mysticism was influenced by a deeply pious, impressionable and superstitious mother; - Early acquaintance with samples of Ukrainian folklore, songs, legends, carols, customs affected the theme of works.

In the year, parents sent a 9-year-old son to the district Poltava school. In M, with the assistance of Troshchinsky, who loved his mother as his own daughter, and his as a grandson, he became students of the Nizhin gymnasium of higher sciences now - the State University of them. Gogol, where he showed creative talent, playing in the performances and trying the pen.

Among the classmates, he was known as a tireless joker, he did not think of writing as a matter of his life, dreaming of doing something significant for the benefit of the whole country. His father died in the year. This was a big blow to the young man and his entire family. In the city on the Neva, having finished gymnasium at the age of 19, the young genius from Ukraine moved to the capital of the Russian Empire, made big plans for the future.

However, in a foreign city, he was expected by many problems - a lack of funds, unsuccessful attempts in search of a worthy lesson. At the age of 19, Gogol moved to St. Petersburg a literary debut - the publication to the city of Akulov - brought a lot of critical reviews and new disappointments. In a depressed mood, having weak nerves from birth, he bought up her circulation and burned, after which he left for a month in Germany.

By the end of the year, he still managed to get a civil service to one of the departments of the Ministry of the Interior, where he subsequently collected valuable material for his St. Petersburg stories. Gogol at work in M ​​Gogol published a number of successful literary works “Woman”, “Thoughts on the Teaching of Geography”, “Teacher” and soon became one of the elite artists of the word Delvig, Pushkin, Pletnev, Zhukovsky, began to teach in the educational institution the orphans “Patriotic Institute”, to give private lessons.

In the period gg. In m he moved to the department of the history of St. Petersburg University. In the wake of success, he created and published the essay “Mirgorod”, where he included the historical story “Taras Bulba” and the mystical “Wiy”, the book “Arabesques”, where he outlined his views on art, wrote the comedy “The Examiner”, whose idea was suggested by Pushkin.

Pushkin at Gogol at the premiere of the “Examiner” in the year in the Alexandrian theater was attended by Emperor Nicholas I, who gave the author a diamond ring as a praise. In full admiration of the satirical work were Pushkin, Vyazemsky, Zhukovsky, unlike most critics. In connection with their negative reviews, the writer fell into depression and decided to change the situation, going on a journey through Western Europe.

The news of the death of Alexander Pushkin in M ​​introduced him into a state of deepest sorrow. He took his work he had begun on “dead souls” as a “sacred will” the poem gave him the poem. In March, he came to Rome, where he met Princess Zinaida Volkonskaya. In her house, public readings by Gogol “Revisor” were organized in support of Ukrainian painters working in Italy. In m, he suffered a serious illness - malaria encephalitis - and miraculously survived, a year later he went for a short time to his homeland, read his friends excerpts from Dead Souls.

The delight and approval were universal. In M, he again visited Russia, where he was busy about the publication of the poem and his “works” in 4 volumes. Since the summer of the year abroad, he continued to work on the 2nd volume of the story, conceived as a three -volume composition. The monument to Nikolai Gogol in Poltava by the year of the writer’s forces were undermined by intense literary activity.

He had deep fainting with numbness of the body and a slowdown in the frequency of the pulse.He consulted with doctors, followed their recommendations, but the improvement did not come. High demands on oneself, dissatisfaction with the level of creative achievements and the critical reaction of the public to “selected places from correspondence with friends” aggravated the artistic crisis and the author’s health disorder.

Winter gg. In an effort for spiritual update, he made a pilgrimage to Jerusalem, after which he finally returned from abroad home-he lived with relatives and friends in Little Russia, in Moscow, in North Palmyra. The personal life of Nikolai Gogol, an outstanding writer did not create a family. He was in love several times. In the year, made an offer to Countess Anna Viligorskaya, but was refused due to the inequality of social status.

Nikolai Gogol was never married, he loved sweets, preparing and treating his friends with Ukrainian dumplings and gallushki, hesitated his big nose, was very attached to the Pushkin pussy pussy Josie, he liked to knit on the knitting needles and sew. There were rumors about his homosexual inclinations, as well as that he was allegedly an agent of the tsarist guard. Nikolai Gogol until today remains a mysterious figure of the last years of his life, he wrote his works standing, and only slept sitting.

Death after visiting the Holy Land, the state of the writer improved. In gg. In the fall, he visited Odessa, the spring of the city of the posthumous mask of Nikolai Gogol, however, graduating from labor over the 2nd volume of the poem in January of the year, he felt overwork. He was tormented by doubts about success, health problems, a premonition of ambulance.

In February, he fell ill and on the night of the 11th to the 12th number he burned all the last manuscripts. On the morning of February 21, the outstanding master of the pen was gone. Nikolai Gogol. The secret of death is the exact cause of Gogol’s death is still the subject of discussions. The version of lethargic sleep and the funeral was altogether after the dying cast of the writer's face.

It is common that Nikolai Vasilievich suffered from a mental disorder by the ancestor of the theory, the psychiatrist V. Chizh became and, in this regard, could not serve himself in the domestic plan and died of exhaustion. The version was also put forward that the writer was poisoned by a cure for a gastric disorder with a high mercury content. The best films.