Biography of the lawyer Koni

Horses are the era of Russian culture. Studying the biography of the greatest Russian lawyer Anatoly Fedorovich Koni, it is impossible not to be surprised at the comprehensiveness of his education, the breadth of the views, the depths of his worldview. His books can serve not only as a guide to the criminal process of the last century, according to its moral principles, but also throughout the culture of the late 19th century.

His correspondence is not inferior to “chosen places from correspondence with friends” by N. Gogol, and his biographical notes about F. Dostoevsky, L. Tolstoy and other great figures of that era can claim the title of masterpieces of biography. In his work, A. Koni is approaching Herodotus, the father of history, who described not so much the actual events of the life of contemporaries, we can learn them from documents, but what people in his time talked about.

By this, as well as special accuracy in the descriptions of the acquired, apparently, in connection with the work of the judicial investigator and the works of Kona are valuable for us. But his books are also relevant from the point of view of practice - after all, many provisions of the criminal process, now introduced to life during the work of Anatoly Fedorovich, were acted, applied and studied.

This experience is invaluable to us. It is especially important for Petersburgers that almost the entire life of Kona was connected with our city. Here he worked, lived, and died here on the current Mayakovsky Street. The personality of A. Anatoly Fedorovich Koni was born on January 28 in St. Petersburg in the family of Fedor Alekseevich Koni, a famous vaudevilist and editor of Pantheon magazine.

Wife F. Koni - Irina Semenovna Koni, nee Prince. Yuryeva, known on the stage under the name of Sandunov, was an outstanding person who combined the widest talents. She was a writer and actress. Dostoevsky postmaster, A. Pisemsky mayor and other famous cultural figures of the 10ths. According to contemporaries and Anatoly Fedorovich himself, Irina Semenovna had a great influence on him.

A religious and kind woman who has retained a gentle and caring attachment to her son until the end of her days, she instilled in him an early passion for reading. Koni forever retained the bright memories of his childhood, and about meetings with his godfather I. Lazhechnikov and A. Veltman, cousin Irina Semenovna, the director of the Moscow arms chamber and writer, said in his essay “From the Student years”.

The son of a family of writers was not going to follow in the footsteps of his parents and entered the Mathematics Department of the St. Petersburg Imperial University. But in view of student riots, he was forced to move to Moscow and enter the law faculty of Moscow University, which successfully graduated with the degree of candidate of rights in the summer of the year. Already in his first serious scientific work, he raised a topical and little -studied question about the limits of the necessary self -defense, which was seen in scientific circles, and he was invited to take a place at the Department of Criminal Law and the process of Moscow University.

But Anatoly Fedorovich firmly chose a different path - the path of direct service to people and ideals of justice and morality. He completely devoted himself to judicial activity. During his life, Koni went through all the steps of the prosecutor’s and judicial hierarchy. It can be said about him that it was a person who had truly “made himself”, who did not use any connections or patterns in power, a person with independent judgments, with firm moral principles.

All that Anatoly Fedorovich achieved was achieved by his personal labor, the extraordinary talent of the speaker, his mind and high morality. Horses have always been a preacher of morality in the trial, still his words about the requirements for the personal qualities of a judicial figure are relevant for us: “oblivion about a living person, about a brother in Christ, about a friend in a general world existence, capable of a sense of suffering, charges the mind, and the external, the alleged usefulness of his work!

.. Always in his soul the excellent expression Twam Asi! The case of Gulak Artemovskaya is strikingly proves the vitality and correctness of its principles. In defense, the Gulak-Artemovskaya, a wealthy widow, who made a lot of efforts to arrange her fate, performed unlawfully left without means of the girl’s existence. Anatoly Fedorovich, while at that time the prosecutor in St.

Petersburg helped the girl, but this disinterested help turned out to be a reason for the attempts of Gulak Artemovskaya to establish personal relations with him in order to solve his own tasks, as it expressed, “depriving affairs”. She invited the horses to her, calling the names of the titled persons, and when the evasive refusal followed, she insistently asked her to give her at least her photo or business card to "tell friends that you were and did not find me at home." To this, Koni answered very characteristic: “Why promote such a deception?It would seem that an insignificant incident, but later it turned out that in this way this fraudster misleads his customers, showing them the hallmark of high persons in evidence of their influence, and then enjoyed their trust in obtaining money.

So steady adherence to moral principles in everything, even in everyday trifles, left the name of the prosecutor of the district court to be unlocked, which cannot be said about individual high officials who became victims of deception. All his life A. Koni was distinguished by a high inner culture, inherited from parents and their environment. He was not only a very well -read person, but also a wonderful, interesting writer, interlocutor, friend of many great people of his time.

He managed to get along with those people with whom everyone was in a quarrel. For example, he was a friend of Goncharov, who at the end of his life acquired, as they say, an unbearable character and especially hated Turgenev. When Anatoly Fedorovich came to inform him of the death of the great writer, Goncharov, who always suspected Turgenev of cunning, turned away and muttered incredulously: “He pretends!

Horses himself are always worthy of the high rank of lawyer and man. He died on September 17 on the street of Nadezhdinsky former Six -Lawn, now Mayakovsky Street on 83 years of life, surrounded by glory, universal respect and recognition. Currently, a memorial plaque is installed on the house in which it lived. In one of his stories, Anatoly Fedorovich wrote about Dr. Fedor Petrovich Gaaz, now, unfortunately, an undeservedly forgotten person who saved many souls with his tireless activity in the Moscow transit prison.

We can say that the motto of Dr. Haaz - “Hurry to do good! The horses that he carried through his whole life. Horses are the greatest Russian lawyer. The career of Anatoly Fedorovich Koni as a lawyer developed almost by accident - he was preparing to study for mathematics.

But life brought him to jurisprudence, fortunately for Russia and for our legal science. And how many people whom we will not see could tell him human thanks for justice, for the truth and morality brought to court. Indeed, behind each sentence is not just a person’s punishment, but, in the conditions of Russian reality, is a whole life. How many returned after the "Vladimir" stage, according to which convicted, so vividly described by Koni in the work dedicated to the memory of F.

Anatoly Fedorovich began his career with the post of assistant secretary of the St. Petersburg Court in April of the year. This was the time of introduction to the new judicial charters of the year, which is undoubtedly one of the greatest achievements of Russian legal thought, which still remained a model of ensuring the adversarial process and ensuring the activities of the jury.

The system created in accordance with the judicial institutions required new, fresh people who could not only conduct an investigation, but also support it competently at the trial. Koni called such people "new wine in new furs", referring to the gospel parable about new and old furs. The tasks facing the judicial system of that time are more consistent with the requirements of our time in connection with the restoration of the real competition of the court.

Do we now hear numerous reproaches from law enforcement agencies for the imperfection of the jury, to low repressiveness? But all of them are connected precisely with the problem of personnel - our prosecutor’s office was used to blaming in writing, secretly, of the office, when sentences were predetermined by the competent authorities, and the judge himself was the main prosecutor.

The outstanding abilities of horses in this area were not immediately seen. He still had to go the difficult path of a comrade of the prosecutor in Kazan, in Kharkov. There, he attracted attention as a competent and talented prosecutor and was invited to St. Petersburg to the post of comrade of the district court prosecutor in the last century in the year.

Comrades were called deputies. Soon he became the prosecutor of the district court. In Soviet times, his participation was intensively emphasized as the chairman of the district St. Petersburg court in the process of V. Zasulich, a terrorist who shot at the mayor of General Trepov in January. The jurors, after hearing an insufficiently prepared and not too skilled prosecutor and a competent, talented lawyer, and most of all, under the strong influence of public opinion, passed an acquittal.

There was no guilt or merit in this Anatoly Fedorovich, since the role of the chairman of the court was not reduced to the decision of the defendant’s guilt, and Kony himself repeatedly emphasized the need for an objective approach to evaluating evidence in the resume of the chairman before raising issues of jury. But neither opponents of the Jurisdory of Judgment, nor its supporters wanted to hear this.

The Ministry of Justice accused him of indulging the jury, and the audience extolled him as a hero-revolutionary.In fact, the process showed the complexity of the question of the effectiveness of the jury and their main weakness - the susceptibility of public opinion. The notorious Princess Marya Aleksevna decided not in favor of law and justice, but in favor of politics.

This is the dullness of the minds, perfectly described by F. Dostoevsky in the "demons", the dullness, which led to the denial of the law in general, to the denial of God, and ultimately the living person in the name of some idea. We know his results. It should be noted that despite the attempts of Soviet historians to introduce A. Koni to the “sympathetic” revolutionary movement by the liberal, moreover, the facts are persecuted by the tsarist government.

Both the court and the Ministry of Justice were able to rise above private claims and see a truly talented lawyer in the chairman of the district court, who could benefit the Fatherland. So, in the year he was appointed chief prosecutor of the Senate, it was the highest prosecutor’s position of that time. From a year he becomes a senator. At the same time, its authority in scientific legal circles is growing.

In the year, Kharkov University awarded him the title of Doctor of Law, and he was elected by the honorary academician of the category of elegant literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences along with Chekhov. Guided by his invaluable practical experience of prosecutorial and judicial work, Koni writes a number of works that make up the pride of all Russian jurisprudence. It can rightfully be called the founder of the new science - judicial ethics, which is dedicated to the labor "moral principles in the criminal process" year.

The idealist, a firm zealot of the spirit of the great reforms of the 10ths, he believed in the possibility of educating the young generation, investing in his foundations of morality alas, life did not confirm his faith: “I began to give lectures in the Alexander Lyceum and, under the firm of criminal proceedings, I try to introduce listeners with the beginning of judicial ethics.

But these youth are very dissolved in the sense of moral and mental - He can neither listen to the workers carefully, nor to record the horses, but it is difficult to say whether they were successful - there is no reason to trust the confident tone of the Soviet press, which declared the "advanced proletariat." years.