Clisfen Brief biography

Clisfen and its laws. The genus of Alcmeonids came to the leadership of Athens. Its representative of Klisfen made a reform program. Clisfen's reforms were carried out by G. of great importance was the introduction of a new administrative division of Attica. The territory of the entire Attica was divided into 10 regions, each of which consisted of three areas, and the district included several demo, lower administrative units.

Each of the 10 regions Fil was not a continuous territory, but consisted of three areas of tritius located in different places of Attica one district - in the city line of Athens, the other - and the coastal strip, the third - in the inside of the Attica. At the end of the VI century BC. Athens turned into a multi -sized and large city center. A variety of people lived here - from the owners of large slave workshops and ships to ordinary sailors and rowers.

Natives of other Greek cities of Miletus, Samos, etc. lived here. These strangers made up the estate of the metecs, they differed from the indigenous Athenians in that they had no civil rights, land plots, but they could open a workshop or buy a ship. Clisfen includes full -fledged citizens, and the ability to have land have a significant number of metecs and freedmen.

In order to endow the low -land or landless citizens with plots, Klisfen had to decide on such a radical measure as the general redistribution of land in the Attica. They found another way out. In the city of Athens, they defeated the Halkidian who attacked them from the neighboring island of Evebay and captured part of the territory of the new city of Chalkida. On the territory confiscated in favor of Athens, 4 thousand were settled.

Having established a new territorial principle of division, Clisfen carried out the entire structure of the policy authorities in line with it. Now all governing bodies in Athens have been equipped in strict accordance with the new representation. The Council was abolished. Instead, a council was established, which included 50 people from every new Phil, inside Phil, candidates and members of the Council were elected by demem and tritius.

For elected positions, it was also assigned, given the number of territorial fil, 10 people from each. New posts of apartments were introduced by collectors of various contributions - 10 and strategists of 10 military commanders. The competencies of the new council were expanded, he had to sit regularly and not only prepared affairs for public assemblies, but also was engaged in current functions.

Ostrukism was introduced - a special vote in the national assembly on the question of whether there is a person in the state who threatens the existing order. The legislation of Klisphen and his supporters completed the transformations that began in Athenian society with a solone. The whole structure of socially, political and cultural life was now based on new social, state, and not bloody principles.

The basis of social division of the population was the presence or absence of private property, the foundation of administrative division and political organization was the territorial principle. The political authorities were built in such a way as to ensure participation in the management of the broad circles of the civilian population. In accordance with these establishments, a military organization was also given, based on the phalanx of heavily armed hoplites, equipped from the middle layers of citizenship.

The laws of Klisphen completed the formation of society and the state in the atics.