Biography about seeds Dezhnev

This is really epoch -making, a very vivid discovery - and, of course, it has become overgrown with various details and partly fictions. But let's see more closely what it was. Indeed, a rather large stream of Siberia colonialists was headed precisely from the Russian North. Routes Semen Dezhnev Map in high resolution DIC. In the year, he participated in the campaign of Stadukhin on Alazeya and Kolyma, but after that Stadukhin returned to Yakutsk, and Dezhnev stayed there.

On Kolyma, Dezhnev found very interesting conversations that were conducted among the Cossacks, service people and trading people, about the opening of new rivers. First of all, the Pogycha River, which was east of Kolyma, was meant. What kind of river is it, it is definitely unclear - there are different opinions. Particularly interested in the Poghych Fedot Alekseev Popov - the Yakut clerk of the rich Moscow merchant Usov.

True, he calls himself Popov only in one document - most often in his unsubscribes he calls himself Fedot Alekseev Kholmogoret. This, again, is a northerner, a native of Kholmogor, a very old Russian city near Arkhangelsk. And it is this Fedot Alekseev that acts as an active initiator and sponsor of campaigns in the search for the new River of Pogychi.

The first attempt by Alekseev and Dezhnev is made in the year. From Kolyma, they come out on kochi-special ships, which were once actively built in the Pomeranian North, and now this tradition migrated from there to Siberia. The first attempt by Dezhnev and Popov to go to the River Pogychu is unsuccessful. And in the year Dezhnev and Fedot Alekseev took a second campaign.

It was a large expedition: more than two hundred people, about seven kochi. And this whole company went east. It is not quite clear whose kochi it was - perhaps Ankudinova. But a year later, when Mikhail Vasiliev Stadukhin was in these places, local residents, whom Stadukhin defined as Koryatsky foreigners, told him what two Russian Kochas and, who were on the shore, were destroyed here, were destroyed.

Be that as it may, Dezhnev further continued his way, and in the end he succeeded. But, perhaps, a certain combination of circumstances played a role, because any transition along Chukotka depended very much on the state of ice - so it was then and many years later. Any discovery on the coast of the Arctic Ocean was interesting because there was a walrus fang, a walrus - a “fish tooth”, as they said then, a very important and valuable resource.

And in this case, the search for walruses, that is, the sources of the “fish tooth”, were more priority than the main engine of explorers on distant rivers - sable skins, or fur. In addition, they, of course, tried to find new people for ads. But the Chukchi already lived in this area, with which yasak technologies did not work. So, Dezhnev moves east and reaches a place that he himself will later designate in his unsubscribes as a large stone nose.

He bypasses him and sees some earth behind this cape-apparently, they mean the islands of Diomid in the Bering Strait. Then they go to the future Bering Strait, but not yet knowing that this is a strait: they simply see that the earth - a stone nose - ended and a new sea opened behind it, which no one was waiting for there. And from there they begin the way to the north, encountering on the way with the inhabitants of this region with cliffs, and reach anadyr, where they base the winter.

Where exactly Fedot Alekseev got is an obscure question. Well, Dezhnev settled on Anadyr and began to master him. Dezhnev settled among Anaulov. The situation worsened when Stadukhin came there in a year and began with the pogrom Anaulov. The conflict arose, because Dezhnev, of course, was not going to concede and leave Anadyr.

In the end, Stadukhin left Anadyr. The Motor Ivanov, who came along with Stadukhin, remained on Anadyr, and he and Dezhnev there were peacefully interacted there until the motor died in the next skirmish with local residents. The skirmishes were constant: either the anauls with the Khodyns came across, then the Anaules and Khodynians with the Koryaks - at that time the attacks of the Koryaks were constant reality in this area.

After several decades, already closer to the beginning of the 18th century, the Yukagir population of Anadyr decreased greatly-partly because of the wars, and partly due to the smallpox epidemic. Thus, the layer between the clums and the Chukchi disappeared, and since then very cruel conflicts began to arise between them. In the year, another service person appears on Anadyr; His name is Yuri Seliverstov.

He also comes from Yakutsk through Kolyma, and at first he also has a conflict situation with Dezhnevites. Seliverstov begins to complain to Yakutsk - and his detailed complaint is a very interesting description of the conflict of two explorers. Seliverstov also wanted to collect Yasak, but Dezhnev did not allow him to do this, and the Anaules did not want to interact with him.

And Seliverstov wrote a complaint to Yakutsk, in which he accused Dezhnev and his team, firstly, that they were at enmity with him personally, attacked him and threatened him.But the main sin of Dezhnev is that he interrupted Anaulov, and now Seliverstov has no one to take Yasak from Anadyr. There were such conflicts before: this is a constant phenomenon since the time when the Yenisei service people with different detachments, who had different sender and different tasks, began to penetrate Lena.

In total, Dezhnev spent ten years on Anadyr. In the end, he was sent to Moscow with a large load. It was a very honorable appointment, talking about very high trust. In Moscow, he received the title of Cossack chieftain, received a good money salary - and then returned to the Yakut service. In the year, he was again sent to Moscow and died there at the beginning of the year. And of course, the most important thing that remains for centuries from Dezhnev is his discoveries.

In Russian texts of the late XVII century, a stable formula appeared: "The nose went under the east and bent to Siver, and no one knows the end." The drawing is a common name for all cards of that time. The expression “nobody knows the end to him” goes back to the texts accompanying the Godunov drawing; They are known in a number of lists, and in them it is a fairly stable formula.

In the history of the development of Siberia, there are episodes of completely unknown expeditions that made big discoveries. These, for example, are the famous finds on the island of Faddeus and in the Bay of Simsa in Taimyr. They belong even to an earlier period than the Dezhnev expedition. But to find out what is behind it is hardly ever.