Surikov in the biography

The Encyclopedia of Surikov, Vasily Ivanovich was born on January 24, G. came from the Cossack family. In honor of one of his relatives - the chieftain of the Yenisei Cossack regiment Alexander Surikov - is called the island of the Ataman on the Yenisei. Father - Ivan Vasilievich Surikov, college registrar, mother - Praskovya Fedorovna Nerophered Trademach; Vasily Surikov graduated from two classes of the parish school in the village of Sukhoi Buzim now the village of Sukhobuzimskoye, Krasnoyarsk Territory, where his father served.

In gg. At the end of the school, he was accepted by a scribe in the Office of the Yenisei province. He was engaged in drawing and painting. The earliest dated work - the watercolor "rafts on the Yenisei" - was written by Vasily Surikov at the age of 14 under the guidance of his first teacher, Nikolai Grebnev. The talent of a young artist was noticed by Governor Pavel Zamyatnin. According to his recommendation, the gold miner and the former mayor of Krasnoyarsk Pyotr Kuznetsov paid for the training of Vasily Surikov at the Imperial Academy of Arts in St.

Petersburg. Vasily Surikov arrived in St. Petersburg in February G. He studied for several months at the drawing school of the Society for the Promotion of Artists. In August, in the city later, Surikov gave Kuznetsov as a sign of gratitude for supporting another picture - “Merciful Samaritan”; Small gold medal of the Academy of Arts. In November, Vasily Surikov graduated from the Academy of Arts and received the title of cool artist of the first degree.

He began to work on them in St. Petersburg, in January G. Vasily Surikov married Elizabeth Shar, the youngest daughter of a native of France August Shar, the owner of an enterprise for the sale of mail. Even during the years of study, the features of the style of Vasily Surikov were formed. The artist created a new type of composition in which the image of a large number of characters covered by experiences and emotions reflects the internal meaning of the event.

In addition, art historians noted a thorough study of details, a special flavor of Surikov’s paintings, his work with color contemporaries called the artist’s paintings “color symphonies”. The painter Ilya Repin, who was close to Vasily Surikov, considered his monumental work full of "true enormous power." However, the scale of the paintings, as well as a large number of actors in the paintings, caused criticism in academic circles during the author’s life.

In addition, Surikov was often reproached for the disproportionate of the figure of figures. The main theme of the painting was Russian history. The artist of art Alexander Benois wrote that Vasily Surikov, along with Viktor Vasnetsov, created "an amazing, strange and enchanting gamut that has nothing similar in Western painting." In e gg. The painting "Morning of the Strelets execution" was first shown at the exhibition of the Wanderers on March 1, according to Ilya Repin, the work of Surikov became the pride of the exposition.

The size of the canvas was more than 2 m in length and about 4 m in width. The picture was bought by a collector and philanthropist Pavel Tretyakov. The fame that Vasily Surikov brought the “morning of the Strelets execution”, strengthened after the presentation of “Menshikov in Berezov” and “Boyar Morozova”. The canvas "Menshikov in Berezovo", which the artist Mikhail Nesterov called "the most beloved picture of Surikov", was shown in the city When creating it, the painter applied the method of colorism, which allowed to give special beauty and complexity with color accents on a general dark background of the canvas.

The canvas was also acquired by Pavel Tretyakov. It was exhibited in the city of canvas depicted a scene of transportation for interrogation in the miracle monastery of the Moscow Kremlin in the city of Critic Vladimir Stasov that there was no similar picture in the historical Russian school of painting before. The picture was also bought by Pavel Tretyakov. Vasily Surikov began working in the genre of the portrait, writing his mother and daughter Olga.

However, the artist rarely turned to this genre. At the same time, he endowed the features of familiar and close people of the heroes of his paintings. So, in the "morning of the Streletsa execution" of the Black Borodny Sagittarius in a cart Surikov, he wrote from his uncle Stepan Tutshin, a girl in the foreground - from Olga's daughter. In April, her death led Surikov to a severe spiritual crisis.

He left with his daughters in Krasnoyarsk to his brother Alexander, where he lived before the fall of G. Critics' reviews were ambiguous, for many she caused bewilderment, since Surikov departed when working on her from the theme of the tragedy in Russian history. In the x According to Surikov’s memoirs, the picture was met by members of the Motravik partnership with applause.

Vasily Surikov presented the canvas "Stepan Razin", while working on which he made several trips to the Volga. However, the picture was coldly greeted by the public and critics. The artist himself also remained unhappy with work and remade it many times. Surikov partially rewrote the picture, and after the exhibition in Rome in the city of Vasily Surikov, he became a full member of the Academy of Arts, among his later works - “Portrait of Doctor A.

Ezersky”, “Visiting Princess Monastery”, “Self -portrait”, “Annunciation” Vasily Surikov died in Moscow for a year of life.He was buried next to his wife in the Vagankovsky cemetery. Olga Surikova married the artist Peter Konchalovsky granddaughter Vasily Surikova - writer Natalya Konchalovskaya, the wife of the famous Soviet poet Sergey Mikhalkov, great -grandson - Russian directors Nikita Mikhalkov and Andrey Konchalovsky.

The name of Vasily Surikov was assigned to the Moscow Art Institute, the Art Museum and the Art School in Krasnoyarsk and others. A crater named the painter in Mercury in Krasnoyarsk in the house where Vasily Surikov was born, his house-museum was opened and a monument to the artist was erected