Pictures Biography Marshak

His father, Yakov Mironovich, a master of chemist by profession, was a man of versatile abilities, loved literature very much and knew several foreign languages. He managed to instill in his children from an early age the desire for knowledge, respect for human work, for all skill. The mother of the poet, Evgenia Borisovna, from her childhood and was in love with literature for life, of the novels of Turgenev, Goncharov, Dickens, and Nekrasov’s poems.

This love of reading from parents was transferred to their children. There were six children in the family. Three of them became famous writers, and the fame of the second son - Samuel - crossed the borders of the country and glorified it all over the world. Early childhood and school years of Marshak took place in the town of Ostrogozhsk near Voronezh, in a working village near the plant.

The future poet fell in love with poems early. At four, he was already trying to compose poetic lines. And at the age of eleven, when he began to study at the gymnasium, Samuel had already translated the ancient Roman poet Horace. When Marshak was 15 years old, his fate suddenly changed. One of the poetic notebooks of Marshak fell into the hands of Vladimir Vasilievich Stasov, a well -known Russian critic and art critic, who took a hot participation in the fate of the young man.

Marshak found himself in the northern capital, in a large house where the most famous artists, musicians, writers at that time were. He saw magnificent St. Petersburg museums, visited exhibitions, in theaters and concerts, studied at the best metropolitan gymnasium. In the St. Petersburg Public Library, where Stasov worked, the young Marshak spent whole days, considering ancient books and engravings.

In the year, in the house of Stasov, Marshak met Maxim Gorky, who treated him with great interest. Upon learning that the young man has weak lungs, Alexei Maksimovich invited him to live in his country house in Yalta. Here, in the Peshkov family, Marshak lived for two years. Marshak's friendship with Gorky later continued all his life, and Alexei Maksimovich helped the poet a lot, when Marshak began to write for children and gather young writers around his adults.

Returning from Yalta to St. Petersburg, Marshak began to make his way into literature on his own, cooperate in different magazines and almanacs. A few years later, to complete the education, Marshak went to study in England. To better study the language in order to hear folk speech, he made a big journey through the English province on foot. Living in England, he recognized and fell in love with English poetry and began to translate English poets and folk ballads and songs.

In the summer of the year, shortly before the outbreak of World War I, Marshak returned to Russia. Then there were many children of refugees from those parts that were occupied by the Germans, many street children. Marshak waged a lot of work to organize assistance to children. In Krasnodar, he organized a whole “children's town” - a complex of children's institutions with a school, kindergartens, a library, amateur art circles and a theater for children.

Together with the poet, E. Vasilyeva Marshak wrote plays for the children “The Tale of the Goat”, “Koshkin House” and others. The work of Marshak in children's literature began with them. In the year, Marshak returned to Petrograd, here he created his first original fairy tales in verses. In the years, his books were published: “Children in the Cage”, “Fire”, “The Tale of the Stupid Mouse”, “Baggage”, “Post”, “The Tale of the Unknown Hero”, “Mr.

Twizer”, “The House built by Jack” and many other books of verses, which later became classic reading. But Samuel Yakovlevich not only wrote children's books. He was an outstanding editor, organizer of children's literature. He united around him such talented children's writers and poets as Agnia Barto, Sergey Mikhalkov, Boris Zhitkov, Arkady Gaidar, Leonid Panteleev and many others and helped create the world's first publishing house of the children's book.

The poetic gift of Marshak is versatile and diverse. During the Great Patriotic War, S. Marshak printed in newspapers satirical epigrams, parodies, pamphlets that ridiculed and exposed the enemy. Throughout his life, Marshak translated a lot. Entire volumes in the collections of his works are occupied by arrangements from English and Scottish poets, starting with the full translation of Shakespeare's sonnets and ending with samples of children's poetry.

His transfers, as a rule, remain either unsurpassed today or one of the best. The result of a great creative experience of the writer was the collection of articles “Education by a word”, published in the year. In the same year, his autobiographical story “At the beginning of life” came out. The last book of the writer - “Chosen Lyrics” - was published in the year.

Poems included in this book have been created for many years. Marshak died on July 4 in Moscow. Until the last day, he worked, in the hospital the rules of proofs, taking care to be responsible with his word with honor. One of S. Marshak’s last poems was this: the world will disappear at the same time when I disappear, as it faded for your eyes, left friends. There will be no sun and moon, all the flowers will fade.