Galina Kavura Biography

The memory of Leonid Alekseevich Kolesnikov after the Great Lemoan, Kolesnikov managed to raise to a new height of the lilac, thanks to him the concept of “Russian lilac” appeared. A man of complex fate, who divided all troubles and trials that fell to its lot with his country, he was able to forever preserve the main thing in his heart - the ability to love life, the ability to see the beautiful, dream and hope.

Maybe that's why all his lilacs have a special aura and attractive beauty, affecting the thinnest mental strings. We can admire, enjoy, grow his wonderful varieties! Standing next to his creations, we see the world - cleaner and kinder, there is no enmity in it, it has a future. Yes, and we ourselves become better. The famous garden on Sokol, the glory of which in the fifties of the last century crossed the boundaries of not only Moscow, but the entire Soviet Union, at first was the usual dacha near Moscow, acquired by Kolesnikov’s father in the year.

Having bought a plot of land of 30 acres in the village of All Sosvyvatskoye, he built a house there, where the family left for the summer, and where all relatives and friends loved to visit. In the year, when Leonid was born, the youngest of five children, his father put a fir in the garden, which is still growing on the wasteland, which remained on the site of the garden - a living witness of all events that have occurred over a hundred years on this piece of land.

A terry French lilac bush was planted near the house. It was the Michelle Bukhner Lemoan, and it was not so easy to get it in those days! He bloomed magnificently, gathering next to the whole family for evening tea drinks under his branches. Perhaps it is precisely these memories - about the cloudless happy childhood, when everything was so simple and clear, and led to the hobby, to which a whole life was given.

Life that contains four wars and one revolution, love for the Motherland and selfless service to their dream, popular recognition and oblivion. But all this was ahead, but for now Leonid, who showed a tendency to technology, studied at the Moscow real school of Voskresensky, which he entered the year. According to the charter, “a real school has a goal of general education adapted to practical needs and to acquire technical knowledge,” and its graduates can enter technical, industrial and trade higher educational institutions.

After graduating from the school in the year, Leonid in the year becomes a student of the commercial institute. Having studied at the institute from September to June of the year, then he graduated from the 2nd Odessa Driving School, goes to the front of the 1st world. Returning home, he is restored at the institute to continue his studies, but October makes his own adjustments to his fate.

Kolesnikov’s father, Alexei Semenovich, an honorary citizen of the city of Moscow, belonged to the merchant class and was famous for its charity, the mother owned sewing workshops. Many dreamed of working for her. However, soon the workshops, the house on the Kuznetsk bridge, the apartment in St. Petersburg, the estate in Yalta and the land plots owned by the family, left the state, while Leonid remained near Moscow in the village of All Sosvyvsky.

And again the front -line roads are now the Civil War. From March to December, Kolesnikov serves in the first Soviet authority of the city of Moscow, and later becomes an assistant to the commander of the motorcade, which delivered military cargo to the "hot" points. It was then that he decides to collect in his garden a collection of the same unusual lilac that he had to see in the old estates ruined by the war and abandoned estates.

In the year, Kolesnikov plants his first lilac on Sokol and begins to conduct a targeted search for varieties created by the famous Lemuan and Son. He studies old pre -revolutionary catalogs, visits botanical gardens and nurseries, examines abandoned gardens. Of the numerous trips around the country, Kolesnikov brings more and more cuttings and bushes of lilacs, comprehending in practice all the subtleties of growing and reproducing this culture.

So the collection begins, which soon becomes the best in the country - in the year there were already more than a hundred grades of lilacs in it. But the dream to create something of its own, no less beautiful than the French lilac, has already firmly settled in the soul of Leonid Kolesnikov. Almost immediately, simultaneously with the creation of the collection, he began to sow seeds - with the best sirens in the garden.

The first seeds were obtained by cross -pollination. About a hundred seedlings rose. Of these, since the sixth year, the whole promising hybrid was selected. Later, only 2 hybrids were preserved, which received recognition and now known as Pioneer and Jambul from the Kolesnikov archive. Only the early morning - before leaving for service, and evening twilight belonged to lilacs.

After the front, Kolesnikov did not last long served as a driver in the Cheka, where he met his wife, the Olympics Nikolaevna, who worked in the apparatus of Felix Dzerzhinsky. A beautiful woman, the daughter of a famous musician of Yakimansky in Moscow, she received an excellent education and knew six foreign languages.In this difficult time, the Olympics became a real support to her husband, supporting and sharing his hobby.

Every year, the garden on the outskirts of Moscow became more beautiful. After graduating from the year auto -mechanical Rabfak named after Stalin, Kolesnikov is arranged by a mechanic in the Transport and Square Trust of the Department of Trade of Moscow, and then from the year he becomes the head of the1st car intestatic collection. All this time he does not stop working with lilac.

In search of knowledge about the intricacies of hybridization, Kolesnikov turns to the employee of Moscow State University Maria Pavlovna Nagibina for help, who introduced him to the basics of Michurin. The works of Timiryazev and Michurin become “table books and invariable advisers” of a breeder. Leonid Alekseevich decides to move on to the directed selection of steam. Based on his own experience and noticing many details, Kolesnikov overcomes all obstacles, making interesting discoveries along the way and developing new methods of working with lilacs.

And this work was so successful that every spring brought not only new varieties, but also the growing fame of Kolesnikov among specialists and fans-flower growers. In the year, Kolesnikov is called up for the Finnish war. The Olympics Nikolaevna cares for a garden requiring constant attention. In the year at the All -Russian Agricultural Exhibition, she represents a lilac from their collection.

At the stand with magnificent bouquets all the time is crowded - no one else was met such lilacs. The difference between a simple "wild" and varietal lilac is amazing! A return to a peaceful life was short -lived. Sown in the fall, on the eve of Finnish, the seeds gave friendly shoots, new lilacs blossomed in the garden, and, it seemed, nothing could stop this process, giving so much joy and the creator himself and people who contacted his amazing flowers.

In the summer, the garden rested after stormy flowering. Numerous labels on the branches of lilacs testified to how many minutes, hours, days were spent on jewelry work - pollination of flowers. Spring turned out to be successful - it was possible not only to produce many interesting, long -conceived crosses, but also to show the new items already received on the VSHV. In the spring exposition at the All -Union Exhibition, Kolesnikov presented 36 lilac varieties, 6 of which were his own creations.

Nagibina evaluates the entire displayed lilac and recognizes Kolesnikov’s collection of the best “in quality and number of varieties” throughout the northern European part of the USSR. Vaccinations and transplants, top dressing and endless watering - in the Bolshoi Sandy Lane, where the garden was located, the soil was really sandy, completely non -delaying moisture.

But the plans were not destined to come true - the Great Patriotic War again forced to take up arms. Together with the war, a disaster comes to the house and garden of the Kolesnikovs. In the year, during the raid of Nazi aviation, several shells enters the garden, next to the house. These terrible moments forever crashed into the memory of the Olympics of Nikolaevna - a horror frozen in the eyes of her daughter, deep funnels, ruined bushes.

Her spiritual health was inflaased by an irreparable blow, from which she never recovered until the end of her life. In December, after a severe wound, Kolesnikov was sent to the service in Moscow. Here, among his lilacs, he finds the strength to cope with all the hardships of wartime and personal problems, managing to work in the garden before leaving for service or late at night.

In the spring of the year, the Kolesnikov garden became one of the most attractive corners of Moscow. On the personal plot in the Bolshoi Sandy Lane, lilac raged - all colors and shades, and the waves of its aroma flowed along the surrounding streets, reminding people about peaceful life. This garden gave a moment of peace and inspired hope, and the hospitably open gate invited everyone to enter.

Workers and front -line soldiers, schoolchildren and nurses, tired of the war, funeral and unkind news, people went in a continuous stream. Soldiers and officers looked along the way to the front to take the memory of this oasis of peaceful beauty to their hearts, tearful women, exhausted by the unknown, came, and doctors to breathe the smell of lilacs to forget about other blood and carbolka for a moment.

What did they think about, looking at the heavy, drooping clusters of “dreams”, fascinating their beauty? Morning Morning Moskvy with dense inflorescences of a delicate pinkish-pearl tone? In a minute of silence, they froze in front of Zoe Cosmodemyanskaya, whose branches were sadly inclined under the weight of huge bluish brushes. The lilac, which bears the name of the mistress of the garden, invariably caused a smile with her perky, slightly “disheveled” inflorescences of a cheerful pink color.

Visitors, who did not find Kolesnikov, spat out their impressions, emotions and words of gratitude on the pages of an ordinary thick notebook, a kind of “Book of Reviews”, which appeared in the garden at the request of guests, among which there were many famous personalities, writers, academicians and artists. By the end of the war, many new sirens appeared in the garden - unusual, beautiful, bright.The bizarre curved petals of some resembled the propeller of the aircraft, the clear outlines of others - the stars on the uniform.

In parallel with lilac, Kolesnikov devotes a lot of time unusually popular in those years by gladioli. He with a constant success at the exhibitions of the Moscow Society for the Promotion of Green Building, which he is a member of which he is at exhibitions of the Moscow Society for the Member of the Moscow Society. Starting from the year, "Evening Moscow" and "Moscow Pravda" constantly placed notes on the breeder and its achievements.

In the year, a lilac blossoms in the garden, the name of which today is clearly familiar with flower growers around the world.

Michurin ”received 12 seedlings. Of which 4 were rejected, and 8 turned out to be promising. Two of them are “beauty of Moscow” and “Kirov’s memory”. The six others expect christening ”from L.'s personal entries after publications in the press and radio broadcasts on June 7, a real pilgrimage began in the garden. Up to one and a half thousand people visited the garden in the spring.

Nobody left empty -handed - the cuttings and seedlings of lilacs went to school sites, to orphanages, state institutions and private gardens. And never, never, even in the most difficult times, Leonid Alekseevich took money for his flowers. He constantly takes part in flowers exhibitions, in the spring - with his lilac, and in the fall - representing gladioli, struck by his beauty.

About what the Kolesnikova garden was in those years, said Marina Igorevna Demchinskaya, who devoted her thesis to the Ko resumes of the Ko Rules. The soils were sandy, for a long time in culture. The site was open. On its border, a small mesh river was a cockroach river on its border, the water of which, with the help of a small dam and its own design of the pump with a gasoline engine, was used by chariot for watering the garden.