Biography of Vasily Surikova

Surikov’s ancestors are considered one of the founders of the city. They participated in the famous riot against the royal governor Durnovo. In honor of Surikov’s grandfather, the Cossack chieftain, one of the islands on the Yenisei is called Ataman. The artist himself was proud of a Cossack origin, loved to talk about his bold and freedom -loving ancestors.

The artist’s father was a civil servant. Praskovya Fedorovna Surikova, the artist’s mother, also came from the old Cossacks of the Tradeshin family, whose name was the whole village in the Yenisei, against Krasnoyarsk. The Surikov family lived well. They had their own small wooden house, built in the thirties. Childhood left an indelible impression in the artist’s soul.

In the year, Surikov’s father was transferred from Krasnoyarsk to Sukhoy Buzim from Krasnoyarsk, and the whole family went with him. The country was unknown. The steppe is unmeasured and the bears are full. And Shrovetide festivities and Christoslavians. Since then, my ancestors remained right at first school life seemed unbearable to the boy. The school practiced bodily punishments, teachers were terrified.

Surikov yearned for the family. He decided to run to his relatives. On the way, he met his mother, who returned him back to the school. Gradually, Surikov got used to the situation of the school. He studied perfectly, went from class to class with awards and brilliantly graduated from the school in the year. Of particular importance for the future artist were drawing lessons that Nikolai Vasilievich Grebnev taught.

His merit is that he managed to guess Surikov’s talent in the very wounded stage of his development, hely believed in him, worked a lot with his student. Swit recalled Grebnev with a sense of lively gratitude as his initial school. Grebnev gave Surikov to copy engravings from paintings by old masters. On Sundays, he took Surikov out of town with him, to sketches. Thanks to Grebnev, Surikov mastered the technique of watercolor painting, in which he subsequently reached high perfection.

Surikov’s father died in the year. After that, the family returned to their house, to Krasnoyarsk. Life has become more difficult. Surikov had to go to the office. The mother was engaged in the whole household. In addition to the sisters, the artist had a younger brother Alexander. By family tradition, they all gathered at the table in the evenings. Surikov since childhood was a very curious, interested life.

Laconism and accuracy of images are inherent in the language of Surikov. These qualities affected his painting. From the early Siberian “pre -academic” period of Surikov’s life, not a single work has reached us, for the claim of several drawings made from engravings of various paintings “Annunciation” by V. Borovikovsky and “Angel and Cadilla” T. In the end of the summer, Vasily Surikov went to visit them and worked there, wrote 15 sketches from nature.

But in the future, the fate of sketches is unknown. In Krasnoyarsk society, it has already become known about the outstanding abilities of Surikov. The gold-industrialist P. Kuznetsov volunteered to help the artist and sent him to St. Petersburg. There he entered the Petroburg Academy. The first independent work of Surikov, without mentors, appears in the year, depicts the St.

Petersburg landscape, which greatly impressed the artist when meeting the city. There, the lanterns then burned nearby, and on the flamers - glare. "The picture was exhibited at the academic exhibition of the year and was acquired by the gold producer Kuznetsov. In the year, as a program for a large gold medal, Surikov decided to write" Cleopatra ", but limited himself to one, though in a detailed sketch, even then Surikov began to feel the cold of academic topics.

A year before the end of the Academy of Arts, he wrote a scene from ancient Russian folk life a year before the end of the Academy of Arts. The program work that delivered him a large gold medal: “The apostle Pavel explains the dogmas of the faith in the presence of King Agrippa, the sisters of his bereeniki and the percondition of the fest“ year ”, about two meters wide, very magnificent work.

In the same year, Surikov graduated from the academy.

He receives an order in the Cathedral of Christ the Savior built in Moscow - write in four pylons the first four universal cathedrals. Surikov had to move to Moscow. After this work, Surikov became an undivided and sovereign master of his life, resolutely rejecting orders and official posts in the future. Around the same time, Surikov married Elizabeth Augustovna Share. A deep attachment to his family, wife, children, and mother always lived in his harsh heart.

This great love for loved ones was expressed in the film "The morning of the Streltskaya Execution." The artist, as it were, personally survived the terrible human tragedy depicted by him. The joyful family life and relative material security began allowed the artist to completely surrender to creativity.Surikov’s worldview finally took shape in Moscow, the special nature and style of his historical painting was determined.

The artist’s work was influenced by the work of the Russian artist Alexander Ivanov. In the year, another famous picture of Surikov "Menshikov in Berezovo" appears. In the same year, she was exhibited at a mobile exhibition. Smart, noble, fair, equally demanding of himself and others, Kramskoy, seeing Menshikov, as if bewildered: having met, going down the stairs going to the meeting of Surikov, stopped him, said that Menshikova saw that the picture was incomprehensible to him - either she was brilliant, or he was still not accustomed enough.

She delights him and offends her illiteracy: “After all, if your Menshikov rises, then the ceiling will break his head after the“ Menshikov’s dark gamut ”Picture“ Boyar Morozov ”amazes with his bright, very difficult tone. The depth of the compositional intention demanded from the artist five -year work. As a child, he heard a story about the hawthorn of Morozova, remembered for him strongly.

In the summer of the year, Surikov traveled to Krasnoyarsk, where he wrote a portrait of his mother in the Tretyakov Gallery. The artist was unusually severely worried about this loss. He left art. In the summer, the brother of Surikov Alexander came to Moscow. He tried in every possible way to bring the artist back to life, tear him away from oppressive memories and thoughts.

At the end of August, his brother went back to Krasnoyarsk, and the artist was left alone. He again plunged into his heavy thoughts, in caring for small daughters. He could not work. Mother and brother insisted that he move to Krasnoyarsk. Surikov obeyed this advice, sold the situation, destroyed part of the work, retaining only the most valuable ones. He arrived in Krasnoyarsk in May with his daughter.

At that time, he wrote only one work “Healing of the blind -born by Jesus Christ”, he expressed a relentless spiritual need to her. And in the year, Surikov found it possible to show the picture at a mobile exhibition. The artist, who devoted all his work to historical dramas, saw that there was a simple fun, dare, laughter in the world. Life opened before him in unprecedented breadth.

A special place in Surikov’s work was occupied by portraits. He wrote them in moments of rest. In them, he portrayed a prostitute, ordinary people who are not famous, but well familiar to him and dear to his heart. Surikov’s portraits, including self -portraits, positively amaze with their routine.