Andreeva social biography

To the problems of the psychology of social cognition 3. Literature 1. Lomonosov, teaches at Moscow State University with G. is the founder of the Department of Methods of specific social research at the Faculty of Philosophy of Moscow State University and the Department of Social Psychology at the Department of Psychology of the Department of the Department, Professor of the Department from the Social Psychology of the Faculty of Psychology.

I was awarded the titles “Honored Worker of Science”, “Honored Professor of Moscow University”, “Honorary Doctor of the University of Helsinki”, laureate of the award named after Lomonosov for scientific work, laureate of the Prize named after Lomonosov for pedagogical work, a member of the European Association of Experimental Social Psychology. During the work at Moscow State University, at different times, he was a member and chairman of the dissertation councils at the Faculty of Psychology and a member of the Dissertation Council of the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences; A member of the editorial board of magazines "Bulletin of Moscow University.

Psychology ”,“ Questions of psychology ”,“ Social sciences abroad series “Philosophy and Sociology” ”; Chairman of the Psychological Section of the Expert Council of the Institute "Open Society"; member of the Scientific Council "Psychology of the Nuclear Age" Boston University, USA C; As an expert, she took part in the work of the Russian State Scientific Fund of the RGNF and the Pushkin Library Foundation.

The field of scientific research: sociology; Social psychology, in T. is engaged in the development of a system of social psychology as a science. In the city of Andreeva, the Department of Social Psychology created at the Faculty of Psychology of Moscow State University and to the city of the scientific interests of G. Andreeva moved in subsequent years from philosophy and sociology to the problems of social perception, cognitive social psychology.

At the Department of Social Psychology, under the leadership of Andreeva, numerous studies were conducted on this issue, which is reflected in a number of collective monographs; ; In which Andreeva acted as an editor and author. Its concept - studies of socio -perceptual processes in real social groups - served as the basis for many candidate dissertations. With individual research results, in particular, on the problems of social attribution, Andreev repeatedly performed at scientific congresses and conferences; In the city, under the leadership of the city of Andreeva, 48 candidates and 11 doctors of science were trained.

In total, G. Andreeva published more scientific papers including 12 monographs and textbooks, individual, as well as co -authorship or under its editorship, including many in foreign publications, partly based on the materials of international joint research, Finland, Germany, and the Czech Republic. Main works: lectures on the methodology of a particular social research ed.

Textbook for universities. The old image of the enemy is inferior to new hopes. On it is ulcer. Bonn, Soavt. He gives lectures on social psychology, special courses “Methodological problems of socio-psychological research”, “foreign social psychology of the XX Century”, “psychology of social knowledge”. Galina Mikhailovna was awarded the orders of the Red Star, the Patriotic War of the 2nd degree, the friendship of peoples, the medals "For military merits", "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of the GG.

As a matter of fact, this term is not quite accurate here, for the word “psychology” in the name of this area is omitted in the English literature, and it is called laconic “Social Cognition”. It is clear that the authors of the term are well aware of its use not only in the dictionary of psychology, but also in the wider spectrum of the humanities. There is a solid tradition of studying social knowledge in philosophy primarily in the section “Theory of Cognition” and in sociology, where “sociology of knowledge” or “knowledge” exists as one of the “independent” disciplines.

Therefore, the use of the expression “Social Cognition” by psychologists implies, of course, a specific angle of view on the problem, and in this connection more precisely in this case, to talk about the “psychology of social cognition”. The fact that psychologists drew attention to the long -designated problem in the second half of the twentieth century has its own explanation. The whole previous tradition developed in philosophy, and in the classical version of sociology of knowledge, for example, in the works of M.

Scheler and K. Manngame, did not quite distinguish between two possible accents in the study of social cognition. One of them is an analysis of the methodology of social cognition developed by various scientific disciplines: their means, techniques, standards, guided by which you can study social reality. The second emphasis, which, in principle, was also noted, is the knowledge of the social world with a “ordinary” person, a layman, and knowing his everyday reality of his own life.

The latter acts as a “naive psychologist” or, in extreme cases, as a “naive scientist” Moscovici, Hevstone, social psychology categorically stated that her interest in social cognition is connected with this second possible accent. There are many reasons that this approach has become especially relevant in the second half of the century. The complication of social life, manifested in both the excretion of social processes, and in the emergence of new forms and “sections” of public institutions, and in all multiplying violent social changes, and sometimes cataclysms, require an ordinary person, an ordinary member of society of a sufficient degree of understanding of what is happening around.

Orientation in the world, naturally, has always been a person’s need, but it increases sharply in a new situation: to navigate in a new, complex world, you can only be able to more or less adequately interpret the observed facts; Without such an interpretation, it is easy to lose the meaning of both what is happening and your own place in it. The rapid pace of social changes, the development of the media requires not only more adaptation to society, but also the ability to “control” what is indicated in the English language with the word to cope, hence the noun Coping with a new situation, that is, to optimize the activity in it, therefore, it is better to understand how our knowledge about the world with changes in it reinstall.

Thus, the knowledge of the social world as an ordinary person becomes a special subject of research.

Another reason that social psychology paid close attention to social knowledge lies in the very logic of the development of this science. On the one hand, in one of the "parental" disciplines, namely. The traditional section of general psychology - cognitive processes - more and more becomes the subject of a special branch of psychological science - cognitive psychology. This was largely due to the emergence of electronic computers, in connection with which it turned out that the operations performed by them are very similar to the cognitive processes of a person to obtain information, its preservation, classification, etc.

However, the initial enthusiasm that arose in connection with the new opportunities opened by the computer, turned into a threat of tearing away from the characteristics of the cognition process, as it happens in the real world. Therefore, in studies of cognitive psychology, new approaches were quite quickly marked, focused on the analysis of the individual’s cognitive activity in the conditions of Naysser's natural purposeful activity, thus, they voluntarily or involuntarily-a step towards socio-psychological research of cognitive processes was taken.

Social psychology turned out to be the most prepared to become the direct predecessor of the psychology of social knowledge. You can call at least three areas where the prerequisites for a new wide front of research have practically developed. These are the problems of interpersonal perception and generally social perception, an analysis of attributive processes and the theory of cognitive correspondence.

In each of these three areas, certain aspects of the specifics of the person’s knowledge of the social world were revealed. Starting with the works of J. Bruner, social perception is interpreted precisely as social cognition, since the emphasis is on the features of the process of categorizing social objects, which serves as a means of not just perception, but the interpretation of the behavior of another person.

At the same time, perception becomes not just a “representation”, but the construction of a “model of the world”, as it implies a Bruner conclusion, that is, a certain mental “structure”. The theory of the correspondent excretion of E. Jones and K. Kelly are examples of this. The subject of perception in these concepts is considered as a completely rational person who knows something about reality, in particular, he knows how to attribute to the reason for the observed behavior of Kelly, this proves that the process of social perception in essence turns into the process of social cognition and in this case.

In the theories of cognitive compliance, a specifically socio-psychological interpretation is proposed on the essence of the philosophical question-about the nature of meaning, “subjective rationality”. Unlike the purely philosophical development of this idea, in the theories of F. Haider, T. Newcom, L. Festinger, C. Osgud, P. Tannenbaum, a description of the psychological “technology” of the search for this meaning.

The introduction of R. Abelson and M. Rosenberg of the concept of psychology, as the logic of an ordinary person who knows the world, see Andreev, Bogomolov, Petrovskaya, becomes a direct milestone for studying social cognition. The first overview works on the psychology of social knowledge have appeared since the beginning of x g. Currently, there is a rather extensive literature on the problems of this field of knowledge.

As a special section, it is included in all textbooks and guidelines for social psychology, starting with x g. The most fundamental work - S. Fisk and S. Taylor “Social Cognition” Fiske, Taylor, was gradually formulated as a general concept of approach and the main problem of research. Those “additions” were marked that are brought by the psychology of social knowledge to three areas of social psychology, named above.

All these additions are associated with the clarification of what is understood by “social knowledge”, in contrast to “knowledge”, on the one hand, and from “social perception”, on the other hand, the fact of the social origin of this knowledge is recognized, in the sense that it arises and is supported by social interaction, the decisive role in which is played by communication; Secondly, social cognition deals with social objects, the circle of which is significantly expanded in comparison with the list of objects of social perception and should be discussed specifically; Thirdly, social knowledge is socially divided, that is, its results are common to members of society or group, they are “divided” by them, because otherwise no interactions of people would be possible.

Each of the named "addings" is of fundamental importance for understanding the initial provisions of the general concept. A person is not able to know the social world alone: ​​he constantly correlates his knowledge with the knowledge of another or others, that is, the communication process is included here organically in the process of cognition itself. But since communication is always carried out using the language, the latter plays a decisive role in how the world surrounding a person is interpreted.

From the very first stages of socialization, someone “different” represents a person surrounding him, therefore, the child begins to perceive the world in a given frame. In other words, for the individual, some subjective reality arises, along with objective reality, the image of the world. In this sense, a person does not just “photograph” the world, but constructs it. “Designing” means bringing information about the world into the system of information, organizing this information into coherent structures, in order to comprehend its meaning.

It is this that allows you to build a “picture” of objective reality, the importance of which is almost significant for a person than objective reality. At one time, W. Thomas rightly remarked that if people perceive some situation as real, then it will be real in their consequences. The thesis that social knowledge is essentially social design brings modern versions of cognitive psychology with the course, called “structuralism”, the most prominent representative of which is K.

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