Biography of Kilpatrika

The connection with the life and labor in the pedagogy of William Kilpatrika Robot picked up materials similar to this one for you. See Elena Burkova Faculty of History and Law, 1 course of student project School education is now an important part of our life. Every year it is more and more reformed and changed, new forms, methods, techniques appear in training.

However, modern teachers use teaching methods developed many years ago, not forgetting about their creators and pioneers-teachers who have once become actively using new pedagogical developments, develop them, contributing to their distribution in mass practice. Of course, one of these first-advance teachers is William Herd Kilpatrik. An American teacher, a issuing student and follower of John Dewey, a supporter of pragmatic pedagogy and, perhaps, the most famous of the creators of the project method, W.

Kilpatrick was born on November 20 in the city of White Plains, in the state of Georgia. Kilpatrik rejected the traditional school, offering to organize the child’s educational activity in a public environment aimed at enriching his personal experience. Where does the child get this experience and make it most effectively? Kilpatrik is sure: only from the experiment.

Based on the psychology of behaviorism and the philosophy of pragmatism, he designed the pedagogical system of “experimentalism” [1; 4]. In the educational process, W. Kilpatrik allocated the leading place. And although his championship in creating the project method today causes serious doubts [5], it is undoubted that his work “Project Methods”, published in the year, became the key moment of the spread of this method in the world.

The essence of the design method of learning is that students master their skills, gain knowledge by fulfilling pre -planned gradually complicated practical tasks. Kilpatrik identified several types of project: consumer aimed at consumption in the broad meaning of the word, including entertainment, creative, that is, productive, problematic, is a draft solution of any intellectual obstacles that are accompanying in the created project and the project - exercise [3].

So, an example of the implementation of the project method will be the manufacture of a paper snake, in which the child’s desire, consisting in the implementation of a snake of flight, is reorganized, then the choice of plan for the manufacture of an object, material, etc. will determine. All successful stages of work fixes success, which in the future the student will already use as his own experience or his own “discoveries”.

The responsibility of the teacher applying the project method is to bring students to a more serious interest, based on the personal characteristics and personal interests of each student. Kilpatrik believed that it was with this training system that education could turn into an interconnected chain of transformations of the child’s life and raise it to the highest level, preparing students for the features of a dynamically changing environment in the world around the world and to meet with problems for which the school will be ready in the future.

In his opinion, the whole life of the school, uniting education and training, should be aimed at including the child in the process of understanding and reorganization of the surrounding reality, and not just the creation of “labor”. In accordance with these views, the idea of ​​the purpose of teaching also changed. Kilpatrik considered the purpose of teaching not as assimilation and memorization of knowledge and skills by students, but as their orientation in any life situations [6].

William Kilpatrik denied the classroom system. He believed that the learning process should be built on the basis of enriching and expanding the individual experience of each student, while the topics should be taken from the surrounding reality. The class and lesson system rigidly regulated in time and content in this case became a serious obstacle, so Kilpatrik made an attempt to reform it.

The content of general education was radically reconstructed by him during the practical implementation of the principle of the school’s connection with life. It began to rely on the ideas of scientific materialism; As a source and consolidation of scientific knowledge, the production work of students was widely used. His main idea in the project method is as follows: the child’s activity should be performed with great hobby, which he himself chose freely, and it should not be built in the line of the subject.

The slogan of all this activity was the words: "Everything from life is everything for life." Thus, William Herd Kilpatrick made a great contribution to the development of modern pedagogy, orienting the school on the connection of training and education, educational and cognitive and practical activities, on the development of children's interests by fixing their success in socially useful activities.

Sources 1. Jurinsky A. History of foreign pedagogy: Textbook. The history of pedagogy and education.

From the origin of education in a primitive society until the end of the XX century. Mazalova M.History of pedagogy and education: a manual for passing the exam. Pedagogical encyclopedic dictionary. Sidorov S. When did the project method appear? The site of the teacher-researchist. Chapter VII. Robot Hint: with the article "Communication with life and labor in the pedagogy of William Kilpatrik" thematically connected:.